konsonant.-Konjugation
solvere
solvō solvī solūtum
Georges, Ausführliches lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch:
solvo, solvī, solūtum, ere (se und luo), lösen
I)etwas An- oder Zusammengebundenes ablösen, auflösen, losbinden, aufbinden, loswickeln, aufwickeln
A)eigentlich und übertragen
1)eigentlich
funem a stipiteOv.
corollas de nostra fronteProp.
a corpore brachia oder nexusOv.
vinculum epistulaeCurt.
vincla iugis (boum)Tibull.
catenasOv.
frenumPhaedr.
crines, capillosTibull.Hor.und andere
tunicasTibull.
zonasHor.
nodumTibull.
2)prägnant
a)lebender Wesen Bande lösen, sie losbinden, entfesseln
aliquemPlaut. Ter.
equum senescentem, abspannenHor.
canemPhaedr.
leones soluti (Gegensatz alligati)Sen.
b)lebloser Dinge Bande lösen und sie so öffnen
cistulamPlaut.
epistulamCic.
venam cultelloColum.
ora (den Mund)Ov.
ergastulaBrut. in Cic. ep.Caes.
als medizinischer terminus technicus
ventrem, alvum, offenen Leib machenColum.Cels.Plin.
c)als nautischer terminus technicus: solvere ancoram oder navem, den befestigten Anker, das am Land befestigte Schiff lösen, den Anker lichten, absegelnCic. und andere
ebenso
solvere oramQuint., funemVerg., naviculae funem (Gegensatz praecīdere)Hieron.
funem arenāProp.
und absolut
e portu navis solvitur, segelt abPlaut.
naves conscenderunt et a terra solveruntCaes.
Alexandriā, portu solvere (von den Schiffern)Cic.
naves ex portu solveruntCaes.
B)übertragen
1)als kaufmännischer terminus technicus: eine Schuld, einen Lohn usw. lösen, abtragen = abzahlen, bezahlen, auszahlen
a)eigentlich
α)aliquid
decem minasPlaut.
pecuniam debitamCic.
creditas pecuniasCaes.
pretiumSall. fr.
pretium ex fiscoEutr.
pro frumento nihilCic.
pecunias creditoribusPlin. ep.
pretium operae praeceptoriSen.
dotem matriICt.
dies solvendae pecuniae, ZahlungstagAmm.ICt.
absolut
creditoribus (Dativ)Sen.
qui pro vectura solveretCic.
ab aliquo, durch jemanden (einen Wechsler usw.)Plaut.Cic.
solvendo non erat, war zahlungsunfähigCic.
aber auch
solvendo aeri alieno non eratLiv.
und
ad solvendum non esseVitr.
in solutum und pro soluto, als BezahlungSen. ICt.
β)solvere aliquem, jemanden bezahlenPlaut.
Passiv solvi = bezahlt werdenICt.
b)übertragen: lösen, abzahlen, abtragen, erweisen
si solveris (ea quae polliceris)Cic.
und so
promissumVal. Max.
votaPlaut.Cic.
grates alicuiVell.
omnia iusta paterno funeriCic.
exsequias riteVerg.
suprema alicuiTac.
beneficia, vergeltenCael. in Cic. ep.
fidem, sein Wort lösen, sein Wort haltenTer.Planc. in Cic. ep.und anderes. Duker Flor. 1, 1, 12; Krebs-Schmalz Antib.⁷ unter solvere
capite poenas, mit dem Leben büßenSall.
iniuriam magnis poenisOv.
2)von etwas (wie von einer Fessel) lösen, befreien, entbinden (dispensieren), entfesseln
aliquem curā et negotioCic.
aliquem dementiāHor.
civitatem, rem publicam religioneCic.Liv.
civitatem votoIustin.
aliquem legibusLiv.
per aes et libram heredes testamenti (die Testamentserben)Cic.
ego somno solutus sum, entfesseltCic.
nec Rutulos solvo, nehme die R. nicht ausVerg.
linguam ad iurgiaOv.
cupiditatesCurt.
numeri lege soluti, fesselloseHor. carm. 4, 2, 12
ut si solvas (entfesselst = in Prosa auflösest) »post quam Discordia etc.«Hor. sat. 1, 4, 60
II)zu einem Ganzen Verbundenes auflösen
A)eigentlich und übertragen
1)eigentlich
a)im Allgemeinen
pontem, abbrechenTac.
navim, zerschellenOv.
b)insbesondere: in Flüssigkeit auflösen = schmelzen
nivemOv.
silices fornaceOv.
rigor auri solvitur aestuLucr.
solvuntur viscera, gehen in Fäulnis überVerg.
2)übertragen
a)Nebeneinandergestelltes, Vereinigtes lösen, trennen
commissas aciesProp.
agmina diductis chorisVerg.
amicosProp.
b)auflösen = erschlaffen, schwächen
senectus corpus solvitCurt.
homines solverat alta quiesOv.
solvuntur frigore membraVerg.
corpus in VeneremVerg.
vires ipsas specie solviQuint.
in otia solviProp.
solvi morte und bloß solvi, sterbenOv.
und so
morbo, inediā solviFlor. Petron.
B)bildlich
1)auflösend aufheben
a)ein Ende machen, vertreiben, nehmen
obsidionemCurt.
conviviumCurt.
iniuriamSall. fr.
ebrietatemCels.
lassitudinemPlin.
tristes affectusQuint.
noctem faces multae variaque lumina solvebantPlin. ep.
Passiv
hiems solvitur, löst sich = vergehtHor.
b)der Kraft entbindend auflösen, aufheben = für ungültig erklären, kassieren, brechen
matrimoniumIustin.
legesCurt.
traditum a prio ribus moremLiv.
istum moremCurt.
foedusEutr.
pacemEutr.
fidemAmbros. de off. 3, 10, 69
ipsam fori sanctitatem ludorum talarium licentiā, entweihenQuint.
solventur risu tabulae, die Gesetzestafeln werden durch G. ihre Kraft verlierenHor.
c)etwas aufgeben, sich einer Sache entziehen
pudorem (das sittliche Bedenken)Verg.
metum cordeVerg.
2)erklärend lösen, auflösen, enträtseln, aufklären
iuris nodos et legum aenigmataIuven.
aenigmataQuint.
captiosaCic.
carminaOv.
errorem omniumPhaedr.
☞Perfekt soluīt dreisilbigCatull. 2, 13, soluīsse viersilbigTibull. 4, 5, 16
paragogischer Infinitiv Präsens Passiv solvierBoëth. cons. phil. 4. metr. 5, 16
Charlton T. Lewis, An Elementary Latin Dictionary:
solvō, solvī (soluitCatull.; soluisseTib.), solūtus, ere 2 se+luo, to loosen, unbind, unfasten, unfetter, untie, release
iube solvi (eum)Ter.
ad palum adligati repente soluti suntCic.
ita nexi soluti (sunt)Liv.
Solvite me, pueriVerg.
quo modo solvantur (nodi)Curt.
solve capillos, untieOv.
crines, let downOv.
terrae quem (florem) ferunt solutae, i.e. thawedHor.
Solve senescentem equum, i.e. from serviceHor.
talibus ora solvit verbis, freely opensOv.
Solvite vela, unfurlVerg.
To detach, remove, part, disengage, free
ancorā solutā (i.e. a litore)Cic.
classis retinacula solvi iussitOv.
teque isto corpore solvoVerg.
partūs, to bring forthOv.
Of ships, to free from land, set sail, weigh anchor, leave land, depart
navīs solvitCaes.
primis tenebris solverat navemLiv.
cum foedere solvere navīsOv.
navīs a terrā solveruntCaes.
ab Corintho solvere navīsLiv.
tertia fere vigiliā solvit (sc. navem)Caes.
nos eo die cenati solvimusCic.
a Brundusio solvitLiv.
Alexandriā solvisseCic.
portu solventesCic.
To untie, unfasten, unlock, unseal, open
ille pharetram Solvit, uncoveredOv.
solutā epistulāNep.
solutis fasciisCurt.
To take apart, disintegrate, disunite, dissolve, separate, break up, scatter, dismiss
ubi ordines procursando solvissentLiv.
agmina Diductis solvēre chorisVerg.
solvit maniplosIuv.
coetuque soluto DisceduntOv.
urbem solutam reliquerunt, disorganizedCic.
si solvas ‘Postquam discordia tetra’ . . . Invenias, etc.Hor.
To relax, benumb, make torpid, weaken
ima Solvuntur lateraVerg.
pennā metuente solvi, i.e. unflaggingHor.
illi solvuntur frigore membraVerg.
corpora somnus SolveratOv.
somno vinoque solutosOv.
Solvitur in somnosVerg.
To loosen, break up, part, dissolve, disperse, divide, scatter
omne conligatum solvi potestCic.
solvere navīs et rursus coniungereCurt.
membra ratisOv.
To dissolve, melt, turn, change
nives solvere, meltOv.
(vitulo) per integram solvuntur viscera pellemVerg.
Of fastenings, to loose, remove, cancel, untie, unlock
nullo solvente catenasOv.
Frenum solvitPhaedr.
Solvitur acris hiempsHor.
a corpore bracchia, relaxes his holdOv.
crinalīs vittasVerg.
vinculum epistulaeCurt.
Figuratively, to free, set free, release, loose, emancipate, relieve, exempt
linguam ad iurgiaOv.
cupiditates suasCurt.
Bassanitas obsidioneLiv.
ut religione civitas solvaturCic.
Vopiscus, solvatur legibus, be exemptedCic.
petente Flacco ut legibus solvereturLiv.
ut is per aes et libram heredes testamenti solvat, release the testamentary heirsCic.
reus Postumus est eā lege . . . solutus ac liber, i.e. the law does not apply toCic.
solutus Legibus insanisHor.
vos curis ceterisTer.
solvent formidine terrasVerg.
Vita solutorum miserā ambitioneHor.
longo luctuVerg.
calices quem non fecere Contractā in paupertate solutum? i.e. from caresHor.
ego somno solutus sum, awokeCic.
To acquit, absolve, cleanse, relieve
ut scelere solvamur, be held guiltlessCic.
hunc scelere solutum periculo liberavitCic.
Sit capitis damno Roma soluta meiOv.
To relax, smooth, unbend, quiet, soothe (poet.)
solvatur fronte senectus (i.e. frons rugis solvatur), be clearedHor.
artum hospitiis animumHor.
Of ties, obligations, or authority, to remove, cancel, destroy, efface, make void, annul, overthrow, subvert, violate, abolish
solutum coniugiumIuv.
nec coniugiale solutum Foedus in alitibusOv.
culpa soluta mea estOv.
quos (milites), soluto imperio, licentia conruperatSall.
solvendarum legum principium (i.e. dissolvendarum)Curt.
disciplinam militarem, subvertLiv.
pactique fide data munera solvit, i.e. took backOv.
To loosen, impair, weaken, scatter, disperse, dissolve, destroy
plebis vis soluta atque dispersaSall.
senectus quae solvit omniaLiv.
nodum (amicitiae) solvere GratiaeHor.
hoc firmos solvit amoresOv.
To end, remove, relieve, soothe
ieiunia granisOv.
Curam Dulci LyaeoHor.
corde metumVerg.
pudoremVerg.
solutam cernebat obsidionem, the siege raisedLiv.
Solventur risu tabulae (see tabula)Hor.
To accomplish, fulfil, complete, keep (of funeral ceremonies, vows, and promises)
omnia paterno funeri iusta, finish the burial ritesCic.
iustis defunctorum corporibus solutisCurt.
exsequiis rite solutisVerg.
vota, fulfilCic.
Vota IoviOv.
solvisti fidem, you have kept your promiseTer.
Esset, quam dederas, morte soluta fides, i.e. your pledge (to be mine through life)Ov.
To solve, explain, remove
quā viā captiosa solvantur, i.e. are refutedCic.
Carmina non intellectaOv.
nodos iurisIuv.
Of debts, to fulfil, pay, discharge, pay off
hoc quod debeo peto a te ut . . . solutum relinquas, settledCic.
Castricio pecuniam iam diu debitam, a debt of long standingCic.
ex quā (pensione) maior pars est ei solutaCic.
rem creditori populo solvitLiv.
ut creditae pecuniae solvanturCaes.
debet vero, solvitque praeclareCic.
Of persons, to make payment, pay
cuius bona, quod populo non solvebat, publice venieruntCic.
ei cum solveret, sumpsit a C. M. FufiisCic.
pro vecturāCic.
tibi quod debet ab Egnatio, pay by a draft on EgnatiusCic.
numquam vehementius actum est quam ne solveretur, to stop paymentsCic.
nec tamen solvendo aeri alieno res publica esset, able to pay its debtLiv.
hence the phrase, solvendo esse, to be solvent
solvendo non erat, was insolventCic.
cum solvendo civitates non essentCic.
ne videatur non fuisse solvendoCic.
Of money or property, to pay, pay over, hand over (for pecuniā rem or debitum solvere)
emiCic.
pecuniam solviCic.
pro quo (frumento) pretiumLiv.
quae praemia senatus militibus ante constituit, ea solvanturCic.
arbitria funeris, the expenses of the funeralCic.
Dona puer solvit, paid the promised giftsOv.
HS CC praesentia, in cashCic.
legatis pecuniam pro frumentoLiv.
Of a penalty, to accomplish, fulfil, suffer, undergo
iustae et debitae poenae solutae suntCic.
capite poenasSall.
meritas poenas solvensCurt.
Text based on data provided by Perseus Digital Library, with funding from The National Endowment for the Humanities. Original version available for viewing and download at http://www.perseus.tufts.edu